Rodgers and Hammerstein
Richard Rodgers - Oscar Hammerstein II
The Rodgers and Hammerstein songwriting team consisted the composer Richard Rodgers (1902-1979) and the librettist/lyricist Oscar Hammerstein II (1895-1960). They worked together on eleven historical musicals from 1943 until Hammerstein’s death in 1960 and produced musical theater’s greatest string of Musicals by any songwriting team in history, garnering thirty-four Tony Awards, fifteen Academy Awards, two Pulitzer Prizes, two Emmys, and two Grammys.
Richard Rodgers is one of only two people in history to have won all five major awards: an Oscar, Grammy, Emmy, Tony, and Pulitzer Prize (the other is Marvin Hamlisch). Rodgers had three significant periods in his incredible 60 years of composing: the Rodgers and Hart period (1920-1942), the Rodgers and Hammerstein period (1943-1959), and the Rodgers Independent period (1960-1979). As a creator of popular melodies, he ranks high above any other composer of musicals, having created over twice as many song standards many of which are routinely played today. Richard Rodgers was formally trained and attended Columbia University and the Institute of Musical Art (now the Juilliard School). His musical composition "shows the highest degree of consistent excellence, inventiveness, and sophistication", and his waltzes are given an ultimate compliment, being known simply as "Richard Rodgers Waltzes". In addition to his song standards, he composed the highly acclaimed symphonic pieces "Victory at Sea" and "Slaughter on Tenth Avenue". In 1978 the Richard Rodgers Award was created for the development of musical theater. In 1990 the 46th Street Theater was renamed The Richard Rodgers Theater.
The Pulitzer Prize winning author, Oscar Hammerstein II is considered one of the most important figures in the history of American musical theater and was probably the best book writer in Broadway history. Hammerstein was a true "corny" American romantic humorist (n.b.- "I'm as corny as Kansas in August" - lyrics from "A Wonderful Guy", Oklahoma). By interspersing the important social issues of the day in his lyrics and bookwriting, he made the story, not the stars, central to the musical, and brought it to full maturity as an art form. Prior to Richard Rodgers, Hammerstein collaborated with composer Jerome Kern for many years until Kern's departure for Hollywood in 1934. With the writing of the 1927 musical Show Boat, Hammerstein and Kern are credited with inventing the form of American musicals known today.
The Rodgers and Hammerstein collaboration started in the early 1940’s when Rodgers read Lynn Riggs' stage play Green Grow the Lilacs. He called on his old friend Hammerstein who agreed to do the project, and the result became the legendary 1943 musical Oklahoma, which opened with the inspired Hammerstein lyrics: “There’s a bright golden haze on the meadow”. During their seventeen-year collaboration, Hammerstein would create a brilliant set of lyrics for a "perfect" spot in the play. He would then type them up and send a neatly finished copy to Rodgers who would proceed to write the "perfect" melody to those brilliant words. While Rodgers and Hammerstein's plays contain some of the happiest, cheerful, and most uplifting songs in American culture, ("Oh, What A Beautiful Mornin'", "People Will Say We're In Love", "If I Loved You", "June is Bustin' Out All Over", "It Might As Well Be Spring", "Some Enchanted Evening", "Hello Young Lovers", "Something Wonderful", "Climb Every Mountain", "The Sound of Music"), the higher purpose in many of their works addressed the important social issues of the day: racism (South Pacific), sexism (Oklahoma), classism (The King and I), domestic violence (Carousel) , fascism (The Sound of Music), and immigration (Flower Drum Song) to name a few. Many of their plays were made into award winning films producing 15 Academy Awards. Their musical Cinderella was the first musical written and produced solely for television and produced the songs "Ten Minutes Ago" and "Do I Love You Because You're Beautiful".
Upon Oscar Hammerstein’s death in 1960, shortly after the team completed The Sound of Music, all lights in the Broadway theater district were turned off for one minute in his honor. During the next twenty years, Richard Rodgers composed five more Broadway Musical scores, one using his own lyrics (No Strings, 1962), and four with lyrics by the Musical Theater giants Stephen Sondheim (Do I Hear a Waltz, 1965), Martin Charnin (Two by Two, 1970 and I Remember Mama, 1979), and Sheldon Harnick (Rex, 1976). Upon Richard Rodgers' death in 1979, all marquis lights in every theater on Broadway were turned off for one hour in his honor.
Rodgers and Hammerstein’s eleven musicals were
Richard Rodgers is one of only two people in history to have won all five major awards: an Oscar, Grammy, Emmy, Tony, and Pulitzer Prize (the other is Marvin Hamlisch). Rodgers had three significant periods in his incredible 60 years of composing: the Rodgers and Hart period (1920-1942), the Rodgers and Hammerstein period (1943-1959), and the Rodgers Independent period (1960-1979). As a creator of popular melodies, he ranks high above any other composer of musicals, having created over twice as many song standards many of which are routinely played today. Richard Rodgers was formally trained and attended Columbia University and the Institute of Musical Art (now the Juilliard School). His musical composition "shows the highest degree of consistent excellence, inventiveness, and sophistication", and his waltzes are given an ultimate compliment, being known simply as "Richard Rodgers Waltzes". In addition to his song standards, he composed the highly acclaimed symphonic pieces "Victory at Sea" and "Slaughter on Tenth Avenue". In 1978 the Richard Rodgers Award was created for the development of musical theater. In 1990 the 46th Street Theater was renamed The Richard Rodgers Theater.
The Pulitzer Prize winning author, Oscar Hammerstein II is considered one of the most important figures in the history of American musical theater and was probably the best book writer in Broadway history. Hammerstein was a true "corny" American romantic humorist (n.b.- "I'm as corny as Kansas in August" - lyrics from "A Wonderful Guy", Oklahoma). By interspersing the important social issues of the day in his lyrics and bookwriting, he made the story, not the stars, central to the musical, and brought it to full maturity as an art form. Prior to Richard Rodgers, Hammerstein collaborated with composer Jerome Kern for many years until Kern's departure for Hollywood in 1934. With the writing of the 1927 musical Show Boat, Hammerstein and Kern are credited with inventing the form of American musicals known today.
The Rodgers and Hammerstein collaboration started in the early 1940’s when Rodgers read Lynn Riggs' stage play Green Grow the Lilacs. He called on his old friend Hammerstein who agreed to do the project, and the result became the legendary 1943 musical Oklahoma, which opened with the inspired Hammerstein lyrics: “There’s a bright golden haze on the meadow”. During their seventeen-year collaboration, Hammerstein would create a brilliant set of lyrics for a "perfect" spot in the play. He would then type them up and send a neatly finished copy to Rodgers who would proceed to write the "perfect" melody to those brilliant words. While Rodgers and Hammerstein's plays contain some of the happiest, cheerful, and most uplifting songs in American culture, ("Oh, What A Beautiful Mornin'", "People Will Say We're In Love", "If I Loved You", "June is Bustin' Out All Over", "It Might As Well Be Spring", "Some Enchanted Evening", "Hello Young Lovers", "Something Wonderful", "Climb Every Mountain", "The Sound of Music"), the higher purpose in many of their works addressed the important social issues of the day: racism (South Pacific), sexism (Oklahoma), classism (The King and I), domestic violence (Carousel) , fascism (The Sound of Music), and immigration (Flower Drum Song) to name a few. Many of their plays were made into award winning films producing 15 Academy Awards. Their musical Cinderella was the first musical written and produced solely for television and produced the songs "Ten Minutes Ago" and "Do I Love You Because You're Beautiful".
Upon Oscar Hammerstein’s death in 1960, shortly after the team completed The Sound of Music, all lights in the Broadway theater district were turned off for one minute in his honor. During the next twenty years, Richard Rodgers composed five more Broadway Musical scores, one using his own lyrics (No Strings, 1962), and four with lyrics by the Musical Theater giants Stephen Sondheim (Do I Hear a Waltz, 1965), Martin Charnin (Two by Two, 1970 and I Remember Mama, 1979), and Sheldon Harnick (Rex, 1976). Upon Richard Rodgers' death in 1979, all marquis lights in every theater on Broadway were turned off for one hour in his honor.
Rodgers and Hammerstein’s eleven musicals were
- Oklahoma (1943)
- Carousel (1945)
- State Fair (1945)
- Allegro (1947)
- South Pacific (1949)
- The King And I (1951)
- Me And Juliet (1953)
- Pipe Dream (1955)
- Cinderella (1957)
- Flower Drum Song (1958)
- The Sound Of Music (1959)